PRISMA Checklist
Section and Topic
Item #
Checklist item
Information included
Location where item is reported
TITLE
Title
1
Identify the report as a systematic review.
Yes
p.1
ABSTRACT
Abstract
2
See the PRISMA 2020 for Abstracts checklist.
Yes
Table 1
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
3
Describe the rationale for the review in the context of existing knowledge.
Yes
p.2
Objectives
4
Provide an explicit statement of the objective(s) or question(s) the review addresses.
Yes
p.2
METHODS
Eligibility criteria
5
Specify the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review and how studies were grouped for the syntheses.
Yes
p.2
Information sources
6
Specify all databases, registers, websites, organisations, reference lists and other sources searched or consulted to identify studies. Specify the date when each source was last searched or consulted.
Yes
p.2
Search strategy
7
Present the full search strategies for all databases, registers and websites, including any filters and limits used.
Yes
p.2
Selection process
8
Specify the methods used to decide whether a study met the inclusion criteria of the review, including how many reviewers screened each record and each report retrieved, whether they worked independently, and if applicable, details of automation tools used in the process.
Yes
Figure 1
Data collection process
9
Specify the methods used to collect data from reports, including how many reviewers collected data from each report, whether they worked independently, any processes for obtaining or confirming data from study investigators, and if applicable, details of automation tools used in the process.
Yes
p.2
Data items
10a
List and define all outcomes for which data were sought. Specify whether all results that were compatible with each outcome domain in each study were sought (e.g. for all measures, time points, analyses), and if not, the methods used to decide which results to collect.
Yes
Table 1
10b
List and define all other variables for which data were sought (e.g. participant and intervention...
Describe any assumptions made about any missing or unclear information.
n/a
Study risk of bias assessment
11
Specify the methods used to assess risk of bias in the included studies, including details of the tool(s) used, how many reviewers assessed each study and whether they worked independently, and if applicable, details of automation tools used in the process.
n/a
Effect measures
12
Specify for each outcome the effect measure(s) (e.g. risk ratio, mean difference) used in the synthesis or presentation of results.
n/a
Synthesis methods
13a
Describe the processes used to decide which studies were eligible for each synthesis (e.g. tabulating the study intervention characteristics and comparing against the planned groups for each...
…interpretation of the results in the context of other evidence.
Yes
p.23 p.30
23b
Discuss any limitations of the evidence included in the review.
No
23c
Discuss any limitations of the review processes used.
No
23d
Discuss implications of the results for practice, policy, and future research.
Yes
OTHER INFORMATION
Registration and protocol
24a
Provide registration information for the review, including register name and registration number, or state that the review was not registered.
Not registered
24b
Indicate where the review protocol can be accessed, or state that a protocol was not prepared.
Not prepared
24c
Describe and explain any amendments to information provided at registration or in the protocol.
n/a
Support
25
Describe sources of financial or non-financial support for the review, and the role of the funders or sponsors in the review.
n/a
Competing interests
26
Declare any competing interests of review authors.
n/a
Availability of data, code and other materials
27
Report which of the following are publicly available and where they can be found: template data collection forms; data extracted from included studies; data used for all analyses; analytic code; any other materials used in the review.
n/a
From: Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews.…
